Unit6 When was it invented?单元语法Grammar被动语态(Passive Voice)表示句子的主语是动作的接受者或受影响者。被动语态的基本动词形式是be+v-ed。通过改变be的时态，可以构成不同时态的被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为：was / were+及物动词的过去分词。一般过去时被动语态的几种句型:1) 肯定句: 主语 + was/were + V-ed + (by…) The news was published by the government.2) 否定句: 主语 + was/were + not + V-ed + (by…) The news wasn’t published by the government.3) 一般疑问句: Was/Were + 主语 + V-ed + (by…)? Was the news published by the government?4) 特殊疑问句: 疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + V-ed + (by…)? When was the news published by the government? 1. “不及物动词+介词 / 副词”构成的短语动词，变成被动句时，要把它们作为整体看待，介词或副词不可与其动词拆开或漏掉。如： Our homework was handed in yesterday afternoon. The house was fixed up by my father.2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可将主动句中的直接宾语或间接宾语变为被动句中的主语。如果把主动句中的直接宾语(指物)变为被动句中的主语，则需在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词to或for。如:主动结构： Danny gave me a ticket just now. 被动结构： A ticket was given to me by Danny just now. (直接宾语作主语) I was given a ticket by Danny just now. (间接宾语作主语)3. 有些动词用其主动形式表示被动意义，如sell, wash, write等和表示感觉、知觉的系动词feel, sound, taste, smell等。如： This kind of dress sells well. The fish tastes very delicious.4. 在主动句中, 使役动词(如make等)和感官动词 (如see, watch, |
