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“动词填空”主要用来测试考生对动词的谓语形式和非谓语动词形式的掌握。近年来的动词填空的测试形式主要有单句动词填空，选择动词和短语动词填空，完型阅读中动词填空，短文改错中动词形式填空。无论用什么样的形式来考查动词，在做动词填空题时，如果能掌握以下几点，一定会答题的准确率。
一、 先观察句子的类型，正确判断所填动词的形式。
如果句子是祈使句或含有情态动词，则谓语动词用原形。还要观察句子是简单句或是从句，如果是从句，要遵循主从句的时态。
则注意主从句的时态。
例如：1. Don’t (make) noise in the library.
2. You’d better not (read ) in the sun.
3. ( listen) carefully in class , please.
4. You must (stop) when the traffic light is red.
5. Our teacher told us the earth (go) around the sun.
6.I (call) you as soon as I (arrive) there.
分析：1、3句都是祈使句，故填动词原形。2、4句是含有情态动词，故用
动词原形。5.考查了宾语从句的时态。6.考查as soon as时间状语从句从句用
主将从现的用法。
二、 确定时态
时态是动词填空的，在解题时必须慎重。确定时态可根据情况从以下几个方面来进行。
1. 从句中附带的信息词或上下句语境来确定时态。
例如：
1. I (get) up at 6:30 every morning.
2. They (visit) the Great Wall tomorrow.
3. I (see) the film before.
4. The students (clean) the classroom just now.
5. –Hi, Lucy ,I didn’t see you at the party.
-Oh, I (look) after my mother at that time.
分析： 1句中由every morning 判断用一般现在时。2句中由tomorrow来判断用一般将来时。3.由before 信息词来判断用现在完成时。4.由just now 信息词来判断用一般过去时。5.由上下句的语境来判断用过去完成时。
三.确定语态
有些考生在考试中只注意到时态，二忽略语态，导致解题错误。所以考生在考虑时态的同时，也要考虑到语态。语态的确定得看句子主语和谓语之间的关系，如果主语是动词的执行者就用主动语态;如果主语是动词的承受者就用被动语态。
如：1. Many trees (plant) in our hometown every year..
2. Some buildings (build) in the past five years.
答案：1. are planted 2.have been built
注意：不及物动词或相当于不及物动词的动词短语，没有被动语态。但是“不及物动词+介词(副词)”结构相当于及物动词，故有被动语态。如：
1. The war (break) out many years ago.
2. The ship (disappear).
3. I (look) after by my mother when I was a baby.
答案：1.broke 2. Has disappear 3. was looked
四.确定非谓语动词的形式
如果动词在句中不做谓语，就因该考虑用动词的非谓语形式。究竟选用动词的哪一种非谓语形式，可根据以下几个方面来确认。
1)在及物动词 want,hope,plan, wish, decide, learn tell,ask等后用不定式作宾语或宾补。在“It be +adj. (for) sb. …” 结构中用动词不定式作主语。在某些动词短语或不及物动词后用不定式作状语。动词不定式to do ; v-ing; 动词过去分词在名词(代词)后作定语。动词在句中也可做句子的主语或表语。例如：
1. I hope (fly) to Shanghai.
2. My teacher wants (tell) me a story.
3. We must try our best (help) the children in poor area.
4. They often go there (take) care of some old people.
5. I would like something (eat).
6. The girl (stand) under the tree is my sister.
7. The boy (call) Li Mei is from Beijing.
8. (stay) up late is bad for your health.
9. My dream is (be )an scientist.
10. I see her (dance) at the stage.
答案：1.to fly 作宾语 2. to tell 作宾补 3、4 to help、to take 作状语 5.to eat 做后置定语 6 standing、7 called作后置定语 8.Staying作主语。9.to be 作表语 10.dancing 作宾补
2)在及物动词enjoy,finish,keep(on),can’t help, practice,feel like, be busy, be worth等后面用-ing 形式。如：
1.I enjoy (read)books before going to bed.
2.She can’t help (cry) when she hears the news.
答案：1.reading 2. Crying
五.有些词后可接不定式也可以接动名词作宾语。例如：
1. remember to do sth.(记着要做某事)
doing sth.(记得曾做过某事)
e.g Please remember (turn) off the light when you leave.
I remember (turn) off the light，but it’s on now.
答案: 1.to turn 2. Turning
六.在主动语态中，有些动词后要用省略了to的不定式作宾语，但在被动语态中要把to还原回来。这些动词有：have, let,make watch,see等。
1. Let me (have) a look at you new bike.
2.We often see him (play) soccer here.
3.The girl is heard (sing) in her bedroom just now. |
